![]() ![]() The Ultimate Masters Guide For Architects | Online Course.Complete Guide to Dissertation Writing | Online Course.How to Design Affordable Housing | Online Course. ![]() Introduction to Skyscraper Design | Online Course.Introduction to Passive Design Strategies | Online Course.Introduction to Product Design | Online Course.How to Use Biomimicry in Architecture | Online Course.Introduction to Urban Design | Online Course.Introduction to Landscape Architecture | Online Course.Design Thinking in Architecture | Online Course.Introduction to Architectural Journalism | Online Course.How To Build A Brand For A Design Studio | Online Course.How to Get Your Projects Published | Online Course.Complete Architecture Package for Students.Complete Architecture Package for Design Studios.These civilizations helped in understanding the glorious past and architectural background of various eras and their socio-economic and cultural practices. Roman, Persian, Islamic, Byzantine are some other civilizations that took inspirations from these ancient civilizations and with their creativity and innovation, planned better cities and structures in terms of design, materials, and ornamentation. Many other civilizations took place which are not old enough, and its hints can be seen even today in modern architecture. The most common designing process in Inca architecture was the rectangular building without any internal walls and roofed with wooden beams and thatch. Inca buildings were made out of stone blocks set in mortar, or adobe walls laid over stone foundations. A core characteristic of the architectural style was to use the topography and existing materials of the land as part of the design. The Inca Empire was one of the most important civilizations in South America in the pre-Columbian Era. Period – 1438 AD–1532 AD Location – Ecuador, Peru, and Chile In contrast to its large stone temples, Aztec homes were primarily built from wood logs that were interlinked or mud bricks along with ornate artwork related to Aztec religion and customs. The Aztec architecture followed designing principles that were similar to other Mesoamerican civilizations, including, the use of a grid system in city planning and the construction of large temples in the shape of a pyramid in the central part of the city. Period – 1345 AD–1521 AD Location – Mexico Mayan sites show evidence of a radial pattern of city planning with monuments in the center along with wide plazas surrounding them. The major highlight of this era was the complex understanding of astronomy, along with their multi-level platforms, elevated pavilions, massive step-pyramids, monumental stairways, corbelled roofing, and exteriors decorated with sculptures of Maya glyphs, geometric shapes, etc. Period – 2600 BC–900 AD Location – Yucatan Peninsula, South-eastern Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, and Honduras Their buildings showed simple rectangular planning with columns of the three classical orders – Doric, Ionic, and Corinthian. They had also mastered structures like temples, theatres, gymnasiums, and sanctuaries along with ornamentation and sculptures. Ancient Greek architecture is distinguished by its defining characteristics of structural planning and decoration. The Greek civilization is divided into different time frames, and the most popular of them are Archaic, Classical, and Hellenistic Period of Architecture. Egyptian buildings were decorated with colorful paintings, carved stone sculptures, hieroglyphs, and huge three-dimensional statues of their pharaohs and gods. They built their pyramids, tombs, temples, and palaces out of stone, the most durable yet heaviest of all building materials, which is why some of its construction techniques are still a mystery. The pyramids were located according to the position of the stars in the constellation next to the Nile River Basin. Hence, their architectural practices were also connected to their ideologies. Egyptian CivilizationĮgyptians were extreme followers of God and believed in the concepts of supernatural powers, astronomy, and life after death. Ziggurats were huge pyramidal temple towers dedicated to the Gods of the city. were excellent examples of a typical city that divided space into residential, mixed-use, commercial, and civic spaces. Mesopotamian cities like Ur, Uruk, Kish, Lagesh, etc. It is well known for its construction of mud-brick buildings and the ziggurats, which held a powerful position in each city. Situated on the banks of rivers Tigris and Euphrates, Mesopotamia was the oldest civilizations to have ever occurred. Period – 3500 – 550 BC Location – Iraq, Syria, and Turkey This cradle houses the four river valley civilizations – the Fertile Crescent (Mesopotamia and Egypt), Ancient India (Indus Valley) and Ancient China (Yellow River) 1. The ‘Cradle of Civilization’ is the location where civilization is understood to have emerged. ![]()
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